In an interview with IHS Jane’s Defence Weekly, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) Chief of Air Staff (CAS), Air Chief Marshal (ACM) Mujahid Anwar Khan, laid-out the PAF’s upcoming procurement plans.[1] These center on the procurement of additional JF-17 Thunder multi-role fighters alongside a new lead-in-fighter trainer (LIFT) as well as defining the PAF’s fifth-generation fighter aircraft (FGFA) program.[2]
First, the PAF is in the process of concluding the JF-17 Block-II program, with the last three aircraft (out of an order of 62) slated for June 2019. Second, for the forthcoming JF-17 Block-III, the PAF will choose one of two active electronically scanned array (AESA) radars: the KLJ-7A by the Nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology (NRIET) or the LKF601E by Leihua Electronic Technology Research Institute (LETRI).
The PAF is aiming to induct the AESA radar-equipped JF-17 by March 2020.
Originally, the PAF opted to procure 150 JF-17s split across three equally sized tranches (i.e., Block-I, Block-II, and Block-III). However, to keep Pakistan Aeronautical Complex’s (PAC) production line warm, the PAF added 12 Block-IIs to its order. Now as per the CAS’ most recent statements, the PAF will also add 26 twin-seat JF-17Bs to its fleet[3], thus bringing the JF-17 roadmap to 188 fighters.
Having first flown in April 2017, the JF-17B was not only intended as the twin-seat training variant of the JF-17, but it was also the basis of the JF-17 Block-III. It introduced a new three-axis fly-by-wire (FBW) flight control system (replacing the hybrid FBW of prior variants) and purportedly longer wingspan.
However, the primary goal of the JF-17B was to meet the needs of certain overseas users, while the PAF was satisfied with using simulators. It now appears that the PAF has pivoted to backing the JF-17B as well. It is likely that the PAF will configure these aircraft along identical lines to the JF-17 Block-III. Thus, the PAF will induct 76 new AESA radar-equipped JF-17s, and it may add more in lieu of an interim off-the-shelf jet.
It is unclear why the PAF is procuring the JF-17B. The CAS stated that the objective was to train new pilots “without first putting them through the F-16, Mirage or F-7P/PG as they are now.”[4] On first glance, one might take it as a sign that the PAF will use the JF-17B for LIFT or as a Fighter Conversion Unit (FCU). However, in the same interview, the CAS listed the LIFT as a separate requirement.[5]
Instead, it appears that the JF-17B will serve as an Operational Conversion Unit (OCU), i.e., to convert new or rookie pilots to the JF-17. In other words, the PAF is now looking to make the JF-17 the first aircraft for all of its future upcoming pilots. This – alongside a new LIFT — may be a sign of the PAF retiring its F-7P/PG fighters, which serve in the FCU/LIFT role and as the primary go-to fighters for the PAF’s rookie pilots.
Potentially, the PAF could also use the JF-17B in the strike role. The tandem-seat configuration lets the JF-17B deploy the electro-optical (EO)-guided H-2 and H-4-series of stand-off weapons (SOW). Basically, one of the JF-17B’s air crew could manually guide the SOW to its target. Likewise for laser-guided bombs and missiles with the support of an advanced targeting pod, such as the Aselsan ASELPOD. By assigning more conventional SOW capabilities to the JF-17, the PAF can preserve the Mirage III/5 for strategic operations.
However, with the CAS also neglecting to mention off-the-shelf fighters, it seems that the PAF will depend on advanced model JF-17s to drive its fighter requirements. In this respect, it must focus on equipping the JF-17 with more capable air-to-air and air-to-surface munitions. It must also, as noted in an earlier Quwa Premium article, consider procuring additional special mission aircraft to complement the JF-17s.
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