/* NX article study: quiet reading column, contextual rail, separate discovery. */
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p:first-child{font-size:25px;line-height:1.65;color:#142b3e}.nx-article-body p:first-child:first-letter{float:left;font-size:78px;line-height:.83;padding:10px 10px 0 0;font-family:Geist,sans-serif;font-weight:700;color:#142b3e}.nx-article-body a{color:#142b3e;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#a98445;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:4px}.nx-article-body a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}.nx-article-body h2{font:700 32px/1.2 Geist,sans-serif;margin:2em 0 .8em}.nx-article-body img{height:auto;max-width:100%}.nx-article-rail{min-width:0}.nx-article-rail-inner{position:sticky;top:90px}.nx-article-context{border-top:3px solid #a98445;padding-top:24px}.nx-article-context h2{font:700 29px/1.15 Geist,sans-serif;margin:14px 0}.nx-article-context>p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;color:#63717b}.nx-article-context ol{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:24px 0 0}.nx-article-context li{display:flex;gap:16px;padding:23px 0;border-top:1px solid 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0}.nx-post-button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:34px;padding:16px 22px;font-weight:600;border-bottom:3px solid #c7b48b}.nx-post-button--light{background:#f4f5f6;color:#142b3e!important}.nx-article-gate{background:#0a363f;color:#f3f6f7;border-top:3px solid #c7b48b;padding:44px}.nx-gate-lockup{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;margin-bottom:38px}.nx-gate-lockup img{width:60px;height:60px;object-fit:contain}.nx-gate-lockup>span{font:500 24px/1 Geist,sans-serif;letter-spacing:.2em;padding:10px 0 10px 22px;border-left:1px solid #789398}.nx-article-gate .eyebrow{color:#cedde1}.nx-article-gate h2{color:#fff;font:700 46px/1.1 Geist,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:18px 0 24px}.nx-article-gate>p{color:#d0dde4;font-size:20px;line-height:1.6}.nx-article-gate .nx-gate-access{font-size:15px;margin:28px 0 20px}.nx-article-gate .nx-gate-signin{font-size:15px;margin:24px 0 32px}.nx-gate-signin 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@media(max-width:1000px){.nx-reading-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 260px;gap:36px}.nx-article-body{font-size:19px}.nx-article-context h2{font-size:25px}.nx-article-byline{align-items:flex-start}.nx-article-byline>div{gap:10px}.nx-article-share{min-width:140px}.nx-post-section-heading h2{font-size:29px}.nx-post-related-grid,.nx-post-research-grid{gap:23px}}
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@media(max-width:540px){.nx-post-preview-bar .shell{font-size:10px;gap:6px;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center!important}.nx-post-preview-bar nav{gap:16px}.nx-post .nx-article-masthead{padding-top:22px;padding-bottom:24px}.nx-article-masthead .breadcrumb{margin-bottom:28px}.nx-article-kicker{gap:14px 16px;margin-bottom:22px}.nx-article-kicker .eyebrow{font-size:10px}.nx-post .nx-article-masthead h1{font-size:37px;line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.035em;text-wrap:wrap}.nx-post .nx-article-dek{font-size:21px;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:24px}.nx-article-byline{font-size:12px}.nx-article-byline>div{gap:9px}.nx-article-hero.shell{padding-inline:0;width:100%;max-width:none}.nx-article-body{font-size:19px;line-height:1.8}.nx-article-body p:first-child{font-size:22px}.nx-article-body p:first-child:first-letter{font-size:66px}.nx-article-rail-inner{display:block}.nx-post-related-grid article{display:block}.nx-post-card-meta{margin-top:18px}.nx-post-research-header h2{font-size:35px}.nx-article-gate{padding:28px}.nx-article-gate h2{font-size:36px}.nx-article-gate>p{font-size:18px}.nx-gate-lockup{margin-bottom:28px}.nx-gate-pro{font-size:13px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){}
@media print{.site-header,.preview-strip,.nx-article-rail,.nx-post-related,.nx-post-research,.site-footer,.nx-article-share{display:none!important}.nx-reading-layout{display:block}.nx-article-body{font-size:12pt}.nx-article-hero{max-width:60%}.nx-post .nx-article-masthead h1{font-size:26pt}}
.nx-post h2 a,.nx-post h3 a,.nx-post h4 a,.nx-post-button{text-decoration:none}.nx-post h2 a:hover,.nx-post h3 a:hover,.nx-post h4 a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#a98445;text-underline-offset:3px}

/* Article revision: taxonomy-led discovery, sharing and reserved ad inventory. */
.nx-article-masthead .breadcrumb{display:flex;align-items:baseline;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 12px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.6;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.nx-article-masthead .breadcrumb [aria-current]{color:#63717b;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none}
.nx-article-masthead .breadcrumb a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.nx-article-byline .nx-article-share{position:relative;gap:7px;flex-wrap:nowrap}
.nx-article-share a,.nx-article-share button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:38px;height:38px;padding:8px;border:1px solid transparent;border-radius:0;color:#19384a;text-decoration:none;background:transparent}
.nx-article-share a:hover,.nx-article-share button:hover{background:#e5eaed;border-color:#c7b48b}
.nx-article-share svg{display:block;flex-shrink:0;width:21px;height:21px}
.nx-share-status:empty{display:none}.nx-share-status{position:absolute;right:0;top:46px;z-index:3;min-width:240px;max-width:310px;padding:9px 12px;background:#19384a;color:#fff;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4;box-shadow:0 3px 12px #142b3e22}
.nx-post-mid-ad{padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:0}.nx-post-ad{margin:0;text-align:center;color:#78848e;font:400 10px/1.4 'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase}
.nx-post-ad>span{display:block;margin-bottom:8px}.nx-post-ad-reserve{display:grid;place-items:center;max-width:100%;margin:auto;border:1px solid #d6dde1;background:#edf0f2}.nx-post-ad-reserve>span{color:#8a949c;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:none;font-size:12px}
.nx-post-ad--midpage .nx-post-ad-reserve{width:728px;height:90px}.nx-post-ad--rail{margin-top:35px}.nx-post-ad--rail .nx-post-ad-reserve{width:300px;height:250px}
.nx-article-rail-inner{position:static}.nx-article-context h2{font-size:27px;margin:0 0 22px;line-height:1.2}.nx-article-context{padding-top:20px}.nx-article-context ol{margin-top:0}
.nx-post-author{display:grid;grid-template-columns:80px minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px;padding:32px 0;border-top:2px solid #19384a;border-bottom:1px solid #d5dce0;margin-top:44px}
.nx-author-photo img{width:80px;height:80px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:50%}.nx-post-author h2{font:700 28px/1.2 Geist,sans-serif;margin:0 0 16px}.nx-post-author p{font:400 16px/1.75 'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#52606c;margin:0 0 23px}
.nx-author-links{display:flex;gap:22px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.nx-author-links>a{color:#19384a;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:40px;text-decoration:none}.nx-author-links .nx-author-all{border:1px solid #a98445;padding:9px 16px;gap:28px;font-size:13px;font-weight:600}.nx-author-links svg{width:22px;height:22px}
.nx-post-related-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:28px}.nx-post-related-grid h3{font-size:23px;line-height:1.25}.nx-post-related-grid .nx-post-card-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin:18px 0 12px}.nx-post-related-grid article{min-width:0}
/* Plus discovery: a lighter editorial surface beside the dark Pro research section. */
.nx-post-pulse{background:#dce9e8;color:#173342;border-top:2px solid #bca779;padding:38px 0 36px;scroll-margin-top:20px}.nx-post-pulse-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:56px;align-items:start}
.nx-pulse-offer .nx-gate-lockup{gap:17px;margin:0 0 18px}.nx-pulse-offer .nx-gate-lockup img{width:42px;height:42px}.nx-pulse-offer .nx-gate-lockup>span{font-size:19px;padding-left:17px;border-color:#98b1b4}
.nx-pulse-offer h2{font:700 34px/1.08 Geist,sans-serif;letter-spacing:-.035em;color:#173342;margin:0 0 16px}.nx-pulse-offer>p{font:400 16px/1.6 'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#415e67;margin:0 0 20px;max-width:560px}.nx-pulse-actions{display:flex;gap:24px;align-items:center}.nx-pulse-actions .nx-post-button{background:#193c49;color:#fff;border-bottom:3px solid #bca779;padding:12px 20px;font-size:15px;gap:30px}.nx-pulse-member{font-size:14px;color:#173342;text-underline-offset:4px}
.nx-pulse-latest{min-width:0;border-left:1px solid #acc3c5;padding-left:38px}.nx-pulse-latest>header{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:15px;margin-bottom:16px}.nx-pulse-latest h3{color:#173342;font:700 26px/1.2 Geist,sans-serif;margin:0}.nx-pulse-meta{font-size:12px;color:#46636b;margin:0 0 15px}.nx-pulse-teaser{display:grid;grid-template-columns:44% minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px;align-items:start}
.nx-pulse-image{display:block;position:relative;aspect-ratio:16/9;overflow:hidden}.nx-pulse-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.nx-pulse-image>span{position:absolute;left:10px;bottom:10px;background:#f4f5f6;color:#173342;width:31px;height:31px;display:grid;place-items:center;border-bottom:2px solid #bca779;font-size:13px}
.nx-pulse-copy h4{font:700 21px/1.2 Geist,sans-serif;color:#173342;margin:0 0 12px;letter-spacing:-.02em}.nx-pulse-copy h4 a{color:inherit}.nx-pulse-copy p{font:400 14px/1.5 'IBM Plex Sans',sans-serif;color:#415e67;margin:0 0 14px}.nx-pulse-listen{color:#173342;font-weight:600;font-size:13px;border-bottom:1px solid #a98445;padding-bottom:4px;text-decoration:none}.nx-pulse-listen span{margin-left:12px}.nx-pulse-latest footer{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;border-top:1px solid #acc3c5;margin-top:22px;padding-top:13px;font-size:12px;color:#46636b}.nx-pulse-latest footer a{color:#173342}
.nx-plus-discovery{border-top:1px solid #99b4b7;margin-top:32px;padding-top:24px;min-width:0}.nx-plus-slider-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.nx-plus-slider-header .eyebrow{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.16em;color:#46636b;margin:0 0 6px;display:block}.nx-plus-slider-header h3{font:700 27px/1.15 Geist,sans-serif;color:#173342;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:0}.nx-plus-controls{display:flex;gap:9px}.nx-plus-controls[hidden]{display:none}.nx-plus-controls button{width:42px;height:42px;padding:0;border-radius:0;border:1px solid #7b999f;background:transparent;color:#173342;font-size:24px;cursor:pointer}.nx-plus-controls button:hover:not(:disabled){background:#193c49;color:#fff}.nx-plus-controls button:disabled{opacity:.35;cursor:default}
.nx-plus-track{display:grid;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:calc((100% - 72px)/4);gap:24px;overflow-x:auto;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;scroll-padding-inline:0;padding:5px 0 14px;scrollbar-width:thin;scrollbar-color:#789ba2 transparent}.nx-plus-track:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #a98445;outline-offset:5px}.nx-plus-card{min-width:0;scroll-snap-align:start}.nx-plus-card-image{display:block;aspect-ratio:16/9;background:#b9cecf;overflow:hidden}.nx-plus-card-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.nx-plus-card-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:10px;margin:13px 0 10px}.nx-plus-card-meta time{font-size:11px;color:#46636b}.nx-plus-card-meta .ribbon{font-size:10px}.nx-plus-card h4{font:700 20px/1.23 Geist,sans-serif;color:#173342;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0}.nx-plus-card h4 a{color:inherit}.nx-post-research{border-top:14px solid #f4f5f6}
@media(max-width:1100px){.nx-post-pulse-grid{gap:30px}.nx-pulse-latest{padding-left:24px}.nx-pulse-teaser{grid-template-columns:1fr}.nx-pulse-image{max-width:240px}.nx-plus-track{grid-auto-columns:calc((100% - 48px)/3)}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.nx-post-pulse-grid{gap:40px}.nx-pulse-offer h2{font-size:32px}.nx-post-related-grid{gap:22px}.nx-post-related-grid h3{font-size:20px}.nx-post-author{grid-template-columns:64px minmax(0,1fr);gap:18px}.nx-author-photo img{width:64px;height:64px}}
@media(max-width:800px){.nx-post-related-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.nx-post-related-grid article{display:block}.nx-post-pulse-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}.nx-pulse-latest{padding:24px 0 0;border-left:0;border-top:1px solid #acc3c5}.nx-pulse-teaser{grid-template-columns:44% minmax(0,1fr)}.nx-plus-track{grid-auto-columns:calc((100% - 24px)/2)}.nx-article-rail-inner{display:block}.nx-post-ad--rail{margin-top:32px}.nx-article-context h2{max-width:600px}.nx-post-pulse{padding-block:40px}.nx-share-status{left:0;right:auto}}
@media(max-width:540px){.nx-post-ad--midpage .nx-post-ad-reserve{width:300px;height:250px}.nx-post-related-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.nx-post-related-grid h3{font-size:25px}.nx-post-author{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.nx-author-photo img{width:80px;height:80px}.nx-post-author h2{font-size:28px}.nx-pulse-offer h2{font-size:32px}.nx-pulse-offer>p{font-size:16px}.nx-pulse-copy h4{font-size:19px}.nx-pulse-teaser{grid-template-columns:1fr}.nx-pulse-image{max-width:none}.nx-plus-track{grid-auto-columns:86%;gap:18px}.nx-plus-slider-header h3{font-size:24px}.nx-plus-card h4{font-size:21px}.nx-plus-controls{gap:6px}.nx-plus-controls button{width:36px;height:36px}.nx-pulse-latest>header{gap:14px}.nx-pulse-latest footer{flex-wrap:wrap}.nx-article-masthead .breadcrumb{font-size:11px;gap:6px 9px}.nx-article-byline .nx-article-share{gap:9px}}
@media print{.nx-post-ad,.nx-post-pulse{display:none!important}}
/* Live article placements use the same creative dimensions as GAM inventory. */
.nx-post-ad-live{margin:auto;background:transparent}
.nx-post-ad--midpage .nx-post-ad-live{width:728px;min-height:90px}
.nx-post-ad--rail .nx-post-ad-live{width:300px;min-height:250px}
@media(max-width:1023px){.nx-post-ad--midpage .nx-post-ad-live{width:300px;min-height:250px}}
.nx-author-shell{padding-bottom:50px}.nx-author-shell .nx-post-author{margin-top:0;grid-template-columns:96px minmax(0,1fr);gap:32px}.nx-author-shell .nx-author-photo img{width:96px;height:96px}.nx-author-shell .nx-post-author p{font-size:18px;max-width:1080px}.nx-author-shell .nx-post-author h2{font-size:32px}
@media(max-width:540px){.nx-author-shell .nx-post-author{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.nx-author-shell .nx-post-author p{font-size:16px}.nx-author-shell .nx-author-photo img{width:80px;height:80px}}